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Duty to Retreat

Alabama: No Duty to Retreat
Alaska: No Duty to Retreat
Arizona: No Duty to Retreat
Arkansas: No
California: No Duty to Retreat
Colorado: No Duty to Retreat
Connecticut: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (53a-19)
Delaware: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (464-465)
District of Columbia: No Duty to Retreat
Florida: No Duty to Retreat
Georgia: No Duty to Retreat
Hawaii: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (703-304)
Idaho: No Duty to Retreat
Illinois: No Duty to Retreat
Indiana: No Duty to Retreat
Iowa: No Duty to Retreat
Kansas: No Duty to Retreat
Kentucky: No Duty to Retreat
Louisiana: No Duty to Retreat
Maine: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (108.2)
Maryland: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (Barton v. State)
Massachusetts: Duty to Retreat before using ANY force except when in your dwelling (278-8a)
Michigan: No Duty to Retreat
Minnesota: Duty to Retreat before using any Force except when in your dwelling (State v. Glowacki)
Mississippi: No Duty to Retreat
Missouri: No Duty to Retreat
Montana: No Duty to Retreat
Nebraska: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (28-1409)
Nevada: No Duty to Retreat
New Hampshire: No Duty to Retreat
New Jersey: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (2c:3-4)
New Mexico: No Duty to Retreat
New York: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (35-15)
North Carolina: No Duty to Retreat
North Dakota: No Duty To Retreat. HB1498 Effective 8/1/21
Ohio: No
Oklahoma: No Duty to Retreat
Oregon: No Duty to Retreat
Pennsylvania: No duty to retreat if . . . (he) believes it is immediately necessary to do so to protect himself against death, serious bodily injury, kidnapping, or sexual intercourse by force or threat.” See 18 Pa.C.S. § 505(b)(2.3)
Rhode Island: Duty to Retreat before using Deadly Force except when in your dwelling (11-8-08)
South Carolina: No Duty to Retreat
South Dakota: No Duty to Retreat
Tennessee: No Duty to Retreat
Texas: No Duty to Retreat
Utah: No Duty to Retreat
Vermont: No duty to retreat if the deadly force was immediately necessary to defend against imminent threat of death or bodily injury
Virginia: No duty to retreat unless defendant made a contribution to the affray
Washington: No Duty to Retreat
West Virginia: No Duty to Retreat
Wisconsin: No Duty to Retreat
Wyoming: Case by case basis

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